Pros and Cons of Globalization - 2741 Words

Pros and cons of globalization Department: International Management Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Henkel and Prof. Dr. Perlitz Name: Shi Zhun Student ID: 1223396 Date: 29/Oct/2008 Table of Contents Page Number 1. Summary...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 2. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 3. The definition of globalization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........4 4. Economic growth (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 5. Worker (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 6. Consumer (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 7. Human rights (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...11 8. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..13 References†¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..14 Figure 1 Growth in Volume of World Merchandise Trade and Gross Domestic Product,†¦show more content†¦The Era of Globalization is fast becoming the preferred term for describing the current times. According to Patricia (2001), just as the Depression, the Cold War Era, the Space Age, and the Roaring 20s are used to describe particular periods of history; globalization describes the political, economic, and cultural atmosphere of today. While some people think of globalization as primarily a synonym for global business, it is much more than that. The same forces that allow businesses to operate as if national borders did not exist also allow social activists, labor organizers, journalists, academics, and many others to work on a global stage (Patricia, 2001). While coming up with a definition is difficult, an even greater challenge is deciding whether globalization is a good thing or a bad thing. 4. Economic growth (pros and cons) According to Robert and Murray (2001), on average, countries integrating rapidly with global economy enjoy higher economic growth rates than countries with closed economies. The result is higher levels of national output and rising per capita incomes. 5 Progress does not always proceed smoothly, but the trend is clearly upward and far more favorable than in the absence of open markets around the world. Figure 1 Growth in Volume of World Merchandise Trade and Gross Domestic Product, 1994-2004 (Annual Percentage Change) Source: World Trade Report 2005, World Trade Organization As figure 1 fromShow MoreRelatedPros and Cons of Globalization873 Words   |  4 PagesThe Pros People have been on the move, traded, migrated and colonized in the earlier times; while in the process they transformed both places that they traveled to and the places that they came from. The pro-globalization people say that it is not just good for the rich but it’s good for the poor, because back in the 1990’s, when globalization took off, about 200 million people got out of poverty in places like India and China. Globalization is the process by which economies of countries aroundRead MoreAnalysis of the Pros and Cons of Globalization1212 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization Introduction The continued accelerating pace of change in globalization is forcing an entirely new level of emphasis on individualized, highly targeted marketing across the many regions and countries of the world. Global marketing today must contend with a wider array of constraints, both economic and cultural, that as ever been the case in the past (Gupta, 2003). These constraints fuel a high level of creativity and focus on how to overcome cultural and economic constraints throughRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Globalization803 Words   |  4 PagesThe term ‘globalisation’ is commonly used to describe a modernisation and capitalist expansion, that entails a variety of economic, cultural, social and political changes over the past 50 years, that have shaped the world today (Guttal, 2007, pp. 524). An important aspect of this concept, is the rapid increase in transnational movements of goods and services, and the weakening notion of national and geo-political borders. Not only has glo balisation created economic prosperity but also a large flowRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essays1386 Words   |  6 Pagesspread of cultures, trade, information and creating options, Globalization can be highly beneficial to everyone by bestowing great fortunes on us. This essay will highlight the positive and negative effects of globalisation, but also discuss solutions and evaluate them. Economists have used the term globalization since the 1980’s, although it was used in social sciences in the 1960’s. However, the principles and ideas of globalization have not spread to the twentieth century. Globalisation isRead MoreGlobalization, Pros and Cons for Developing Countries938 Words   |  4 Pagesterm â€Å"Globalization† for developing countries. Some social, economic and environmental issues are discussed in the paper. This Document addresses the advantages and disadvantages of the term â€Å"Globalization† for developing countries. Some social, economic and environmental issues are discussed in the paper. Hosein Rahmati Hosein Rahmati Globalization, Pros And Cons For Developing Countries January 2012 Globalization, Pros And Cons For Developing Countries January 2012 Globalization couldRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay987 Words   |  4 Pages Globalization is the process by which states become interdependent on each other on all spheres of life. It is a process where countries go global by adapting universal characteristics involving human race. It is therefore the process of uniting people of the world into one unit with universal characteristics. This characteristics include; systems of education, politics, democracy, economy among many others. Through globalization economies, civilizations and societies become integrated into a globalisedRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization. Everyday you hear it on the news, you read it in the newspaper, and you overhear people talking about it- and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaning. When I hear of globalization I think of the whole world coming close together in all phases. I tend to think that we as human beings are breaking down barriers that have been protected or guarded. For insta nce, I initially thought of the progress we are making in the communication aspect. SoRead MoreEssay on The Pros and Cons of Globalization900 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization can be defined as the system of interaction among the countries of the world in order to develop the global economy. It also refers to the integration of economics and societies all over the world (http://hotbabefatchicks.hubpages.com/hub/Definition-of-Globalization). Globalization can be both advantageous and detrimental to developing countries. Some of its advantages are increased external finance, improved technology and political conformism. Disadvantages of globalization includeRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay963 Words   |  4 Pages It is debated whether globalization is an advantage or disadvantage to our society. Everyday you hear it on the news, you read it in the newspaper, and you overhear people talking about it and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaning. Globalization is the process by which a business or company becomes international or starts to operate on an international level such like the rise of the so-called global economy. It can also bring the world closer throughRead More Pros and Cons of Globalization and Localization Essays1487 Words   |  6 Pageshave been blessed with a stable economy. There has always been the extreme feeling of complacency and stability that comes with being a very large, internationally respected country. Strangely enough, America does not only reap the benefits of globalization, but it also basks in the glory of localization. We have, as a country, experienced much success both internationally and domestically. For example, w ithout our international businesses booming the way they are, our country would suffer from a

A Utopia By George Orwell - 1993 Words

The world is entrenched in a perpetual search to become a better place: trying to advance technology and society to reach high standards. It is continually working towards perfection with an end goal of achieving a utopia. However, the end goal may never be reached because after all, most utopias become dystopias. Utopias are meant to be impeccable societies with perfect life and people. The downfall is that the quality of flawlessness is not attainable. There are selfish people everywhere who take what they are given for granted . It may start out to be as seemingly ideal, but eventually, a utopia will take a turn for the worse as a result of human nature. Humans were created to be selfish and not even the strongest utopias can survive. A utopia is â€Å"an imaginary place in which the government, laws, and social conditions are perfect†; they seem to be everywhere, yet they really cease to exist (â€Å"Utopia†). George Orwell’s 1984 and Kurt Vonnegut’s H arrison Bergeron produce the illusion of a utopia but fall under dystopian characteristics. A dystopia is defined as â€Å"an imaginary place where people lead dehumanized and often fearful lives† (â€Å"Dystopia†). The two works incorporate dystopian characteristics such as bureaucratic control, a figurehead worshipped by society and a dehumanized state of living. Today, Arizona exhibits its own â€Å"utopia-turned-dystopia† with a project called Arcosanti. Created in 1975 by Paolo Soleri, Arcosanti thrives off his idea of â€Å"arcology†, whichShow MoreRelatedA Utopia By George Orwell1477 Words   |  6 PagesMany characteristics of the society that americans live in now demonstrate a utopia, therefore, they also demonstrate a dystopia. A utopia is a perfect world in which there are no problems like war, disease, poverty, oppression, discrimination, inequality, and more universal problems existing. A dystopia is a world in which nothing is perfect. P roblems are extreme things are dysfunctional and problematic. A utopia does not turn into a dystopia until the people living in that society do not live authenticRead MoreA Utopia And Dystopia By George Orwell1831 Words   |  8 Pages The concept of a utopia and dystopia is fascinating because they exist in both stories and real life and can be either based on a person’s ideals or perspective. A utopia is a situation in which the perfect ideals of a person or society are created or maintained. This situation can be real or imaginary as long as the person believes that they are equally happy. In contrast, a dystopia is a state in which an environment is extremely unfair and unjust, typically caused by oppression and dictatorshipRead MoreDystopia And Utopia In Animal Farm, By George Orwell980 Words   |  4 Pagesto attain. The story Animal Farm by George Orwell is an excellent example of why this goal is always out of reach. The animals wanted to create a better society for themselves where all are equal; nevertheless, as the story progressed, they ended up becoming the very dystopia they were trying to escape. The animals realized this at the end when â€Å"they looked from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which† (Orwell 97). How is it possible to start a societyRead MoreComparing Utopia Compared To 1984 And The Giver, By George Orwell847 Words   |  4 Pagesa book that consists of utopian beliefs and ideals, it’s fair to say that every person has thought about what it would be like to live such a way. A utopia is an imagined society where its citizens have nearly perfect qualities; everyone lives in harmony, and all actions are done for the greater good. A book similar to 1984, written by George Orwell, is The Giver which is written by Lois Lowry. Both books carry nearly the same situation throughout the reading: there’s a person or two, who does notRead MorePolitics And Politics In 1984, By George Orwell1469 Words   |  6 Pagesno such thing as keeping out of politics. All issues are political issues, and politics itself is a mass of lies, evasions, folly, hatred and schizophrenia† (Orwell, â€Å"Politics† 5). Living in the aftermath of World War II, and seeing how political inactivity gives rise to dictators like Adolf Hitler, it is no surprise that George Orwell commented on the common man’s relationship to politics. His political beliefs fed into his work, perhaps most notably the ominous 1984. The novel details a totalitarianRead MoreAnimal Farm Vs Animal Farm Essay1319 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel the Animal Farm and in the film The Truman show, both authors try to paint a picture of what utopia and a good life demonstrates through these two texts. If a good life is wanted then the animals need to work together to achieve their goal and truman needs to find out what is the real truth for him. The Truman Show and Animal Farm both try to convey what utopia would look like in our world by showing a false sense of what the world seems to be. Power and control is a huge theme in theRead MoreSimilarities Between The Truman Show And Animal Farm1219 Words   |  5 PagesWhat makes the perfect Utopia ? What is needed for a good life? These questions are so important when it comes to human’s view on power and control and how it should be used. In both stories, ‘Animal Farm’ (written by George Orwell) and ‘The Truman Show’ (directed by Peter Weir), the author and director explore these themes. Power and control, the good life, utopia. These three themes are key to living the full life. To have a utopia you must have a good life and to have a good life you must haveRead MoreAnimal Farm And The Truman Show Analysis1341 Words   |  6 Pages‘the Truman show’ George Orwell and Peter weir talk about how power, utopian societies, and the good life are relevant to the narratives. In these film/novel. In Animal Farm/ Truman show power can be used in many ways good or bad, but if you have too much of it you can use the power you have in many bad ways. The good life is demonstrated as the place where everyone works together and can achieve the ir goals in life. These novel/films have made it clear that Old Major’s, idea of utopia is a place whereRead MoreUtopia As A Dystopia1190 Words   |  5 Pagesutopian world, but it isn’t always what people think. A utopia is described as â€Å"an imaginary and indefinitely remote place; a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions; an impractical scheme for social improvement† (â€Å"Utopia†). However, a dystopia is described as â€Å"an imagined state or place in which everything is unpleasant or bad, typically a totalitarian or environmentally degraded one† (â€Å"Dystopia†). George Orwell’s purpose in writing 1984 was to warn the modernRead MoreThe Impossible Utopia Essay828 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Jungwon Kim Mrs. Griffith English 10 GT 1 April, 2014 The Impossible Utopia â€Å"History consists of a series of swindles, in which he masses are first lured into revolt by the promise of utopia, and then, when they have done their job, enslaved over again by new masters† (Brander). Animal Farm, a farm with animals that are treated cruelly and dream for a better life in which animals are all equal and independent of depraved humans, is an allegory of the development of communism, even totalitarianism

My Favourite Pet Free Essays

My new pet is a dog. They are so loving, caring and a true friend. My little dog, Jingle, is a living example of what love is all about and he is my little treasure and holds a special place in my heart. We will write a custom essay sample on My Favourite Pet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Where in this world could you find a friend who is more faithful and pure of heart? I always know that when I get home, I have a friend waiting there for me. After a long day, it is always nice to be greeted by my trusting friend with the wagging tail. His little eyes seem to sparkle like a diamond and his loving ways can soothe a weary heart. A dog’s love is unselfish, pure, and so true. No finer friend could a person have than the love of a little dog. Little Jingle gives me great joy as he is an inspiration to me as he brings a smile to my face and a song to my heart. In the spring and summer when the weather is nice, we go for long walks and smell the flowers and the leaves along the woodland’s edge. He is a gentle little dog with a loud bark, though his bark is worse than his bite. Jingle’s love is as radiant as the summer sun and as pure as the morning dew. He is my ray of sunshine, even on a cloudy day as he puts my mind at ease. My little Jingle teaches me to be patient and to care. As his little eyes show me the true meaning of love and of what is important in life. In this hectic world of stress and strain, it is nice to have loyal and trusting friend who would give their life for you, if need be. How to cite My Favourite Pet, Papers

Cannabis Sativa Why Hasnt It Been Legalized Essay Example For Students

Cannabis Sativa: Why Hasnt It Been Legalized? Essay What if we were able to legalize a drug that works more efficiently on some diseases than any legal drug on the market today? This drug can help to aid such notorious diseases as AIDS and glaucoma. The name of this drug is cannabis sativa, or its more well-known name, marijuana. Cannabis sativa should be legalized for its medicinal uses. This paper will state the different types of diseases that marijuana may be used for, the current steps towards the legalization of this drug for medicinal purposes, the reasons for the use of this drug not to be exploited, the positive and alleviating effects of its use, and the non-addictive attributes of the drug itself. There are many reasons to show why the illegal drug, marijuana, should be legalized solely for its medicinal uses and benefits. Marijuana can be used for such things as glaucoma, controlling seizures, arthritis, the side effects of cancer chemotherapy, such as vomiting and nausea, asthma, anxiety, convulsions, AIDS and depression (Cohen, 1985). In glaucoma, it reduces the pressure in the eye, for instance, and it also causes a slight increase in appetite in people suffering from AIDS wasting or those undergoing chemotherapy (Medical Experts, 1997). Marijuana has been widely touted as a treatment for the drastic weight loss associated with AIDS (Levine, 1997). Cannabis sativa reduces the vomiting and nausea caused by chemotherapy, and alleviates pretreatment anxiety. It reduces the muscle pain and spasticity caused by the disease, but it may also help some patients with bladder control and the relieving of tremors (Facts ; Stats, 2001). There are a number of people who have severe men tal illnesses. When they feel like they are becoming mentally ill, they start self-medicating with cannabis to help them to relieve the symptoms of the illness they are having (Jamaica, 1997). In the study on rats, a research team from Complutense University and Autonoma University in Madrid found that marijuanas active ingredient, called THC, killed tumor cells in advanced cases of glioma, a quick-killing cancer for which there is currently no effective treatment. The team reports that the treatment works by stimulating the cancer cells to commit suicide in a natural process called apoptosis. The effect occurs in cancer cells but not in normal ones and, they say, could provide the basis for a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of malignant gliomas. (Rea, 2000)But anytime there is an upside, there is always a downside. The downside of smoking marijuana for its medicinal uses is that some people may overuse or exploit the drug, which in turn would make marijuana a hazardous d rug. Abuse of marijuana can result in medical problems such as an increased risk to the lungs and reproductive system, as well as the suppression of the immune system (Facts ; Stats, 2001). It may also affect hormones, heart rates, and possibly cause bronchitis and breathing problems. But if marijuana is used as a medical drug rather than a recreational drug, than none of these problems will occur. Despite some of the possible problems of using marijuana, it has proven to be a non-addictive drug in many cases. Cannabis sativa is not addictive, because when a person is addicted to a drug and stops taking it, there are clear-cut withdrawal symptoms (West, 1997). There is no scientific evidence that if you smoke cannabis it induces you to take heroine, cocaine or morphine. You find for example that the marijuana user rarely ever drinks alcohol, because alcohol causes unpleasant effects. It is not safe to combine marijuana with alcohol, because alcohol modifies the rate at which a drug or medicine is absorbed into your system, causing unwanted effects and it would make the compounds of the cannabis more easily assimilated (West, 1997). .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .postImageUrl , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:hover , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:visited , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:active { border:0!important; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:active , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cloning Essay IntroductionOver the past few years, there have been numerous states around the country that have been trying to pass laws that will legalize the medical use of marijuana. The medical use of cannabis was prohibited in 1971, but there has been growing pressure for that to be reversed. The medical marijuana movement began in earnest in 1996, when California passed a statewide referendum intended to make it legal. Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Maine, Oregon and Washington adopted similar laws, and Colorado and Nevada joined them in the November election. After smoldering for years, the debate over medical marijuana heated up in 1996 after the votes in California and Arizona. However, given the federal law against its use, the Clinton administration warned the doctors prescribing the drug would be punished. Last year, the U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals disagreed in part. It said that the law must make an exception for seriously ill individuals who need cannabis for medical purposes. Its opinion referred to this as a medical necessity exemption to the federal drug laws. Even though there have been many moves to legalize the medical uses for marijuana, it has not yet been federally legalized. Besides actually smoking marijuana itself, there are many people and many companies out there today that are working extremely hard to find an alternative to smoking cannabis. Marijuanas active ingredient, a compound called delta-9 tetrahydrocannibinols (THC), exists in pill form. But proponents of the drug say its more effect when smoked, because that way the patients can control the dosage. Among the companies searching for better ways to harness marijuana are Unimed Pharmaceuticals of Deerfield, Illinois. The company is working on a THC (tetrahydrocannabinols) aerosol spray, intended to offer a quick, easily controllable wallop of marijuana smoking (Jamaica, 1997). In conclusion, marijuana, when allowed, is used to treat such diseases as AIDS, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis and many more. Although some minor downsides of its use exist, its medicinal purposes are much more vital and important. Marijuanas medicinal uses have been proven over and over to be more effective than any legal drug. Therefore, cannabis sativa should be a legal drug, but limited to only severe medical cases. Cohen, M. (1985). Marijuana: its effects on the mind ; body. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. Facts ; Stats. (1997). Online. Cable News Network (CNN), Inc. Available: http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9702/weed.wars/facts 2001, February 14. Gray, C. (2000, December 11). Breakthrough as scientists find way to make cannabis soluble. The Independent. Pp. 1. Jamaica: Two professors say many negative beliefs about marijuana not proven. (2001, Jan. 16). BBC Monitoring Americas, pp. 1Levine, K. (1997). Experts urge new study of medical uses of marijuana. Online. Available: http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9702/20/nfm/ 2001, February 14. Rea, D. (2000, February 28). High maker in marijuana could fight brain cancer. United Press International. Pp. 1.

Safety of recycled water for drinking

Introduction Water recycling is the process by which individuals harness, treat and reuse water for various purposes. It may occur through water reclamation. This involves the treatment of sewage effluent for domestic and commercial use. Alternatively, recycled water may come from storm water or rain water.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Safety of recycled water for drinking specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Potable use is the human consumption of recycled water while planned reuse refers to deliberate treatment of wastewater for other uses. Recycled water holds a lot of promise in the field of agriculture and industry, but its application as a potable source is still quite contentious, limited and risky. Whether recycled water is safe for drinking The question of whether recycled water is safe for drinking is of high relevance to a discussion on water-borne diseases because raw waste water contains high amounts of faecal matter, so it takes a rigorous and fool proof method to eradicate all disease-causing pathogens in recycled waste water. Ashbolt (2004) explains that ingestion of unsafe drinking water transmits waterborne diseases. Usually, the water supply system of predisposed communities is susceptible to faecal contamination; over 1415 species of pathogens can be found in untreated waste water. Urine and faeces transmit these illnesses and may lead to severe complications or death. Typical examples include cholera, typhoid, gastroenteritis, infectious hepatitis, bacillary dysentery and amoeba, rotavirus, Escherichia Coli and Guardia Lamblia. Treatment of waste water may minimise certain pathogens, but in highly infected water, it is difficult to eliminate all of them. Furthermore, recycling methods need to correspond to the development of new water-borne diseases. Scientists must also be aware of the genetic evolution of pathogens, which may make conventional treatment methods inadequ ate. Chemicals may also threaten public health if present in recycled water. Conventional treatment may eliminate some chemicals, but could leave trace elements. Esposito et. al. (2005) affirm that the health effects of trace contaminants are still unclear at this point. Some organic compounds can disrupt hormonal systems even under extremely low concentrations. The international public health community is yet to create standards that would regulate treatment of waste water. Therefore, parties must use a multi-thronged approach which would require elimination of all the threats at different levels (Steyn et. al. 2004). This is not just painstaking; it may cause excessive use of municipal and government resources. Toze (2006) explains that membrane filtration is one of the few effective routes of treating wastewater for portable use. However, it is quite expensive and takes a long time to complete. Jimenez and Chavez (2004) underscore the need for rigor in the treatment of wastewater for domestic purposes.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More They assert that one must follow the fate of all the pollutants in the effluent in order to ascertain that they are absent. Esposito et. al. (2005) also outline some of the processes that waste water must go through during treatment. Disinfection and filtration systems in combination with secondary water treatment are effective for removing a portion of pathogens. The resulting product would only be sufficient for irrigation or non potable use. On the other hand, ultrafiltration would minimise the risks associated with suspended particles. Sometimes certain pathogens are resistant to these processes. For instance, if one uses tertiary treatment on recycled water, one is likely to find viruses like cryptosporidium (Toze 2006). Elimination of chemicals is also essential in making recycled water safe for ingestion. It wo uld include the use of a series of treatments like nano-filtration, advanced oxidation as well as reverse osmosis. Ion exchange, biological degradation and chemical precipitation, are some synonyms of the above processes (Morud 2009). Owing to the complexity and diversity of disease-causing organisms and compounds in raw waste water, it is difficult to assure consumers of complete eradication of these pathogens in drinking water. A number of advocates claim that recycled water is safe for drinking because water supply for key cities still comes from downstream rivers, which contain sewage effluent. However, using such a justification would be replacing one ill with another. It is one thing for cities to source their water from downstream rivers, with possible sewage contaminants. On the other hand, when the concerned institution deliberately takes sewage effluent, then this increases the concentration of pathogens (DTI 14). It would increase the health risks of the population substa ntially when countries replace contaminated river water with sewage effluent. Toze (2006) states that the concentration of pathogens in raw water supply highly affects the risks associated with treated waste water. If these sources have a high concentration of pathogens, health risks would increase. The author further states that treatment methods in current use leave certain pathogens in waste water. Cities such as New York are already investing so much in the cleanup of their water supply systems or estuaries (Esposito et. al. 2005). Furthermore, public health officials suggest the placement of barriers as an effective method of protecting the masses form recycled water risks. One way would be preventing direct contact with contaminants. Therefore, it would almost retrogressive to use sewage effluent if it is already perceived as a health problem in many parts of the world.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Safety of recycled water for drinking specifically fo r you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Evidence from real-life cases is not sufficient to warrant consideration of recycled water for ingestion. Case studies on potable water reuse are few and hard to analyse. For instance, Anderson (2003) cites Orange County, in California, as one example. The county built a water reclamation plant that would treat water to drinking standard. Not only did it employ a series of aquifers, but it also injected the water under high pressure. After fifteen years of intensive work, the recycled water was still not used for drinking. Po et. al. (2003) also talks about the controversies involved in portable reuse. For instance, Singapore worked on a project known as NEWater. The government wanted the project to curb dependence on other countries for water supply. The Singaporean government even packaged the commodity in bottles such that the public could drink it conveniently. However, this plan did not work as few were willing to drink it. While the failure of the project failed due to public squeamishness towards the product, it still denied advocates of recycled water for potable use from having a tangible case study that could support their stand. Sometimes politics may come in the way of successful implementation of such projects. Scientific backing may exist to support the safety of a water reclamation project. However, if lobbyists and other political groups undermine the implementation of the scheme, then one cannot study the immediate and long term effects of ingesting recycled water. As a result, it is not possible to make conclusive statements about the project. Namibia is a recurrent case study in water recycling analyses. The city has been consuming recycled water from as far back as 1968. However, people rarely use recycled water directly in this country. Residents prefer blending the recycled water with conventional water. Sometimes the blend may be as high as 1:1 or may account for a quarte r of the system in use (Anderson 2003). Direct portable reuse is not widespread because it requires transportation of recycled water from treatment plants into people’s homes. The public and the scientific community are still not certain about the rigors of the treatment process. Therefore, many of them prefer to go for the indirect potable route (Marks et. al. 2006). If the pioneer of recycled water for potable use (Namibia) still cannot place all their confidence in reclaimed water, then one should question the plausibility of using the product for personal and human consumption. Conclusion Recycled water is not safe for drinking because of the health risks involved. Conventional treatment methods do not eliminate all microbes or chemical contaminants, and this could be dangerous. Additionally, few case studies exist to analyse the long term effect of 100% use (without blending) of recycled water among the masses.Advertising Looking for essay on environmental studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Therefore, one cannot employ the method without support from conventional treatment systems. Finally, deliberate introduction of wastewater into water supply systems would increase the number of contaminants that require eradication, and this would pose a greater health risk than contaminated downstream water. Unless stakeholders eradicate these bottlenecks, then recycled water should not be treated as safe for drinking. References Anderson, J 2003 ‘The environmental benefits of water recycling and reuse’, Water Science and Technology, vol. 3 no. 4, pp. 1-10. Ashbolt, N 2004 ‘Microbial contamination of drinking water and disease outcomes in developing regions’, Technology, vol. 198 no. 3, pp. 229-238. DTI 200 ‘Water recycling and reuse in Singapore and Australia’, DTI Global Watch Mission Report, November, p. 1-79. Esposito, K, Tsuchihashi, R, Anderson, J Selstrom, J 2005, ‘The role of water reclamation in water resources management in t he 21st Century’, Water Environment, vol. 101 no. 4, 8621-8635. Jimenez, B Chavez, A 2004, ‘Quality assessment of potential use of an aquifer recharged with wastewater’, Water Science Technology, vol. 50 no. 2, pp. 269-76. Marks, J, Martin, B Zadoroznyi, M 2006, ‘Acceptance of water recycling in Australia: national baseline data’, Water, March, p. 152-159. Morud, J 2009, Reclamation and reuse of wastewater, IUP, Iowa. Po, M, Kaercher, D Nancarrow, B 2003, ‘Literature review of factors influencing public perceptions of water reuse’, CSIRO Land and Water Technical Report, vol. 54 no. 3, pp. 1-33. Steyn, M, Jagals, P Genthe, B 2004, ‘Assessment of microbial infection risks posed by ingestion of water during domestic water use and full contact recreation in a mid southern African region’, Water Science and Technology, vol. 50 no. 1, pp. 301-308. Toze, S 2006, ‘Water reuse and health risks-real vs. Perceived’, De salination, vol. 187 no. 8, pp. 41-51. This essay on Safety of recycled water for drinking was written and submitted by user Erin Q. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Brown Recluse Spider,What You Should Know

Brown Recluse Spider,What You Should Know The brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa, has a bad and largely undeserved reputation. Across the U.S., people fear the bite of this spider, believing it is an aggressive attacker and certain to cause devastating necrotic wounds. Research on brown recluse spiders has proven these assertions to be false. Description The best-known feature of the brown recluse spider is the fiddle-shaped marking on the cephalothorax. The neck of the dark brown fiddle points toward the abdomen. Other than this marking, the brown recluse is a uniformly-colored light brown, with no stripes, spots, or bands of contrasting color. The violin marking is not a reliable identifying characteristic. Young L. recluses may lack the mark, and other Loxosceles species also display the fiddleback detail. Along with other Loxosceles species, brown recluses have six eyes, arranged in a semi-circle pattern of three pairs. This feature distinguishes Loxosceles spiders from most others, which commonly have eight eyes. The brown recluse lacks any stiff spines on its body but is covered with fine hairs. The only definitive way to identify the brown recluse spider, Loxosceles reclusa, is to examine the genitalia. With a body size of just a quarter inch long, this requires a high magnification microscope. Suspected brown recluse spiders should be brought to your county extension agent for expert identification. Dietrs The brown recluse spider feeds at night, leaving the security of its web to search for food. Current research reveals the brown recluse is primarily a scavenger, feeding on dead insects it finds. The spider will also kill live prey when needed. Life Cycle Brown recluse spiders live about two years. The female lays up to 50 eggs at a time, encasing them in a silken sac. Most egg production occurs between May and July, and a single female may lay five times within a year. When the spiderlings hatch, they remain with the mother in her web until they have molted a few times. Over the first year of life, the spiderlings will molt up to seven times before reaching adulthood. Special Adaptations and Defenses Brown recluse spiders use short fangs to inject a cytotoxic venom into prey. When provoked, a brown recluse spider will bite, and this venom may cause necrotic wounds to the person or animal that has been bitten. Venom is not the brown recluses primary defense, however. As the name recluse suggests, this spider is quite timid and spends the daylight hours in retreat, usually in its web. By remaining inactive during the day, the brown recluse limits its exposure to possible threats. Habitat Brown recluses prefer dark, undisturbed areas with low moisture. In homes, the spiders find shelter in basements, storage closets, garages, and sheds. During the day, they may hide in cardboard boxes, folded clothing, or even shoes. Outdoors, brown recluse spiders are found beneath logs, in wood and lumber piles, or under loose rocks. Range The established range of the brown recluse spider is limited to U.S. states in the central Midwest, southward to the Gulf of Mexico. Rare and isolated encounters with brown recluse in areas outside of this range are attributed to interstate commerce. Brown recluse spiders may seek shelter in cardboard boxes, and make their way to places outside their known range in shipments of goods.

Venus and Adonis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Venus and Adonis - Essay Example God has chiseled such a rare figure. But he is disinterested in the art of love. He gets immense joy in hunting and riding over the hills after deer and fox. Mesmerised with his beauty, Venus specially descends on Planet Earth from the heavens and falls in love with him desperately. Passion has been compared as an animal instinct. Shakespeare highlights this instinct through the love play of Adonis and Venus. Love and passion of a woman have the capacity to disturb the mental equilibrium of a man and Venus is aware of the strength and the power of seduction of the feminine charms. She challenges him one morning in the fields as he is on his hunting mission. She pleads with him to dismount, tie his horse to a tree and engage in conversation with her. Shakespeare describes how Venus proceeds step by step to kindle the animal passion in Adonis. Initially, she is tactful with her love but later does not hesitate to apply force, reclines by his side and eyes him with caressing glances, engages him in passionate conversation, explains to him in tender words the wonder and glory of love. Adonis does not relent, he is steady and firm, is more anxious to leave her even as she begs him for kind disposition and a kiss, but Adonis is set on his single-pointed determination for hunting. She lists the pleasures that she can offer to him, Adonis finally breaks himself from her arms, and it is at this moment, Shakespeare explains in clear terms the victory of the animal instinct, by the example of the behavior of the horse. As Adonis rushes towards his stallion, it hears a call of a jennet in a field nearby. Shakespeare describes the situation thus: The aroused stallion forgets about the loyalty to its master, breaks the leather thong that holds him and gallops towards the jennet.  

Sleepwalking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sleepwalking - Research Paper Example Sometimes it may also lead to nonsensical talking while a person is sleepwalking. The sleepwalker’s eyes are also known to be open but have no recognition to be really seeing, as they have a glassy unfocused look in them. This kind of activity is most commonly observed during either middle childhood or young adolescence. Fifteen percent of the children from the ages of 4-12 experience sleepwalking. It is noted that most of these children resolve this behavior during late adolescence. Moreover, 10% of these sleepwalkers start their sleepwalking behavior as teenagers. It is also noted that some sleepwalkers may inherit this behavior genetically (Moorcroft 228). Every person experiences non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep, and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. NREM has four stages and begins when a person starts to sleep. After the fourth stage, it goes to the REM sleep, which is when a person’s eyes are rapidly moving inside their closed eyes and so is experiencing dreams. The REM cycle is an important cycle as it is associated with producing hormones which aid in proper metabolism and growth of a person. Each of these cycles, that is the NREM’s four stages and REM, last for 90-100 minutes and then repeats all over till a person is awake (Coon, Mitterer, Talbot, and Vanchella 190). Sleepwalking however, occurs at some point in the third or fourth stage in either cycle. As this is a time when a person is deeply asleep, sleepwalking is barely witnessed in naps or when a person sleeps for a short amount of time. No memory of having experienced any particular behavior is remembered by the sleepwalker (Butkov and Teofilo 141). There are several causes of sleepwalking some of which can be associated with genetics. Sleepwalking is observed to be more frequent within identical twins. It also has a ten times increased probability to occur in someone whose first-degree relative has experienced sleepwalking. Then, there are psychological factors as well. It is more common in children as they experience greater amount of slow deep sleep and so makes them increasingly likely to suffer sleepwalking as compared to adults or teens. Different environmental factors can be associated with sleepwalking such as sleep deprivation, stress, fever, disorganized sleep schedules, magnesium deficiency, alcohol intoxication, or the usage of different drugs such as specific sedatives (medicines that trigger sleep), minor tranquilizers, stimulants, neuroleptics, antihistamines etc. Also, sleepwalking frequency is increased during menstruation or pregnancy. Certain medical conditions are associated with sleepwalking sometimes such as fever, Arrhythmias, Gastroesophageal reflux, night time seizures, night time asthma, obstructive sleep apneas, etc. Different psychiatric disorders, such as posttraumatic stress disorder, multiple personality disorder, panic attacks are also connected to sleepwalking (Porth 596). There are some major symptoms of sleepwalkin g. Patients appear to be dazed and clumsy during their episodes and may appear to either be running around agitatedly or walking quietly around the room. Most often the sleepwalker’s eyes are noted to be open, with an unfocused glassy look as the person roams about the area. Prior to contrary belief, they do not extend their arms while sleepwalking. If questioned during the state, the responses are either slow ones with thoughts which are

Quality management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Quality management - Essay Example The customer has got an opportunity to choose from the great number of providers and to dictate own requirements to the quality of a product he/she has been ready to buy. If before customers have been satisfied just with the conformation of quality of products and services, now they would like to get the conformation that production of the things/services they pay for is organized in the way, which indeed ensure the pronounced quality. The quality has become the one of the most popular slogans at the end of twentieth – the beginning of the twenty first century. The quality of products and services. The quality of technologies and business processes related to providing of products and services. The quality, which really exists and what is even more important can be proved as it properly documented. Constant improvement of production quality is one of determinant conditions of raise of its competitiveness on the market and growth of production efficiency. Not without reason in countries with developed industry majority of firms and companies use different kinds of systems of quality management. Let us consider four stages of evolution of production quality approaches. First of them is a stage of rejection (till 20th years of the last century). According to this approach in order to provide a consumer products congruent to accepted standards, special attention should be paid to elimination of rejects. Wide spread of this concept has led to unreasonable growth of supervising personnel. Up to 40 and more percent of strength of workers involved in manufacture, that in its turn has caused irrational increase of expenses for quality management and, hence, has lowered efficiency of production. As a result in twenties the attention of managers has moved from rejection of production in the process of its yield to quality control in the process of manufacture. The most significant role of this stage was played by Mr.

My diary for a week Essay Example for Free

My diary for a week Essay 8. 35 am. I arrive at the hall. I am the first member of staff to arrive so I unlock the cupboard and start getting the equipment we need for the morning out after looking at the daily planning sheet. I first put the tables and chairs out. Other members of staff now start to arrive and help to put the rest out. I then cover the big table with newspaper for our craft item of the morning. Our theme is the sea side. As this is my day today and I take the role of the leader I have chosen to do sun hats. I get the straw from the cupboard to stick onto the hats that I have already cut out. 9,0clock it is now time to let the children in so I go to the door and tell them to come in. I take the fees today so go to the counter where the book and cash tin are. I receive cheques or cash from 4 parents, so right out receipts and enter it in the book. 9. 10 The parents have now all gone home so it is time for me to call the register. I ask the children to sit on the mat. Then I make sure the outside door has been locked. I sit on a small chair in front of the children so I am at their eye level. I ask the children to be quiet as I am about to call their names. I say good morning to each child and most of them say it back. We then count the children together and find we have 15 in this morning. We then talk about what we are going to do today. The children now choose their activity. I go to the craft table and assist the children in their sticking. When all the children have finished their hats I get some old catalogues and some scissors, the children then have the choice to do more gluing. 10. 30 I help to pack some off the toys away then ask the children to sit on the mat for a story. We chose a book together and I read it. After we all talk about it. The children then wash their hands and I get them to sit at the tables. I Ask a little girl whose birthday it is if she would like to hand the biscuits out. I remind them all to say thank you. I then go to a safe place at the big table to have my coffee. 11. 0clock I ask if the children would like the bikes they all say yes so I get them out of the cupboard. I then choose the children that are sat quietly first to have a bike. I sit at the pony table and play with 2 children. 11. 30 I put the bikes back into the cupboard and get the tape recorder out. I put the action song tape on and we all join in with the songs. 11. 45 I give the bags out and let the parents in. I sit with the children until their mum or carer is in the hall. 12. 0clock I lock the cupboard and check the toilets then go home.

Visuality, Readability, and Materiality :: Visual Rhetoric Essays

My intention here is to acknowledge two problems that I believe all scholars of "the visible" will encounter at some point in their work. Both showed up early in my research on commemorative artworks, but I suspect that they crash everyone's party at some point. I have no "solution" to these problems, but I believe they should, actually must, be addressed in work on visual rhetoric. The first, "readability," is both a practical and theoretical problem having to do with the possibilities of interpretation in visual culture. The second, which I'll simply label "materiality" for the moment, has a presence in numerous arenas beyond the study of visual culture, but remains nearly unaddressed and nearly unacknowledged in rhetorical work on visual images. The first party crasher, "readability," probably makes its presence felt in all of our venues at least occasionally, but it haunts our work all the time. At the simplest and most practical level, readability is a hermeneutic problem. But it is a special problem of interpretation, not just the "same old" questions that come up in any work involving the production of signs and meaning. We try very hard to reduce the special problem to the same old problems, as evidenced by terms like visual, media, and computer "literacy." The question is this: What makes us so confident that our "readings" of visual signs are legitimate or defensible? Okay, that does sound a whole lot like the "same old" hermeneutic questions, but I don't believe it is the same in the case of visual rhetoric as in spoken or written discourse. Or at least, it doesn't seem the same, given the degree of skepticism registered by readers and students about interpretations of visual signs. Leaving aside for a moment the pos sibility that my interpretations just aren't very good and that that's what's provoking this response, our own colleagues and my students seem to pose far more and greater challenges to such interpretations than they do to those of a speech or a written document. For them, apparently, even in the wake of deconstruction, natural language seems safer, easier, and more stable in its capacity of meaning generation than does the visual image. I wonder why that is the case, and particularly so in a culture in which "seeing is believing" and a "picture is worth a thousand words." It is possible, of course, that this is an idiosyncratic problem, but I doubt it.

Care Of Ald Patients Health And Social Care Essay

In this assignment, I shall choose a patient from my arrangement, this will be backed with a principle for my chosen patient. This will besides do reference of the importance epidemiological information, within this I will show an apprehension of the aetiology of common long term conditions. I will exemplify the nursing model used and physical, psychological and societal appraisal of my selected patient. In relation to the appraisal this will besides include the needed attention of patient being discussed. I have selected a patient from a South London Healthcare Trust. In order to keep confidentiality anonyms have been used to protect the patient ‘s individuality. The ( NMC ) emphasises that we as nurses, must esteem people ‘s rights to confidentiality CHECK ( 2008 ) . Mr B is 51-year-old adult male. He works as a bricklayer on a edifice site. He has two boies whom are aged 21and 25. He is separated from his married woman who is the biological female parent to his two boies, and now has a new spouse. His avocations are ; reading, socializing, and disbursement clip with his boies. Mr B is a really pleasant gentleman who enjoys his life, and makes the most out of it. Mr B admitted to gorging on intoxicant occasionaly. Mr B became dependent on intoxicant, and was diagnosed with alcoholic liver disease in 2006. After go toing many support groups, which helped him a great trade, he became clean and free of intoxicant dependence. Sadly, his Dendranthema grandifloruom lost her conflict to malignant neoplastic disease his Dendranthema grandifloruom. Intelligibly, Mr B found this difficult to cover with, and accordingly turned to alcohol as a header mechanism.EpidemiologyI feel that alcoholic liver disease ( ALD ) is going progressively common in acute infirmary scenes, this may be due to the immense addition in orgy imbibing. Harmonizing to ( NHS Clinical Knowledge Summaries, intoxicant abuse in England is prevailing, 33 % of which are work forces, and 16 % of adult females, which may hold damaging affects to their wellness. ( EBP ) . I believe my chosen subject will assist both my hereafter practise and my ain apprehension of ( ALD ) . ( ALD ) is highly common in England. Approximately 90-100 % of people who drink the exceeded recommended bound have alcoholic fatty liver disease ( National Health Services Choices 2009 ) . These statistics single-handedly are highly high, which accordingly means that Mr B is immense hazard of roll uping ( ALD ) . It is known that every bit much 1 in 5 people who drink, will develop liver cirrhosis ( NHS Choices 2009 ) . Immediately this places Mr B at an unmeasurable hazard of roll uping liver cirrhosis, as he was chiefly admitted to hospital with inordinate ingestion of intoxicant. It has been found that work forces are more likely dice from liver disease, this may be because their intoxicant consumption is much greater than adult females. However, this demonstrates that Mr B ‘s hazard of mortality is going peculiarly refering. The mortality rate of alcoholic liver disease has risen by over two-thirds ( 69 % ) in the past 30 old ages, which makes intoxicant one of the most common cause of decease, together with high blood force per unit area, and smoke. This is a significantly high addition in the figure of deceases related to alcoholic liver disease. Subsequently, this contributes to many factors associating to Mr B ‘s alcoholic liver disease, it is evident that his mentality is highly hapless harmonizing to these statistics. Evidence has been found that there is a high prevalence in developing liver cirrhosis in people age 40 or over. Furthermore, as Mr B is over the age of 40, which indefinitely shows he is a high hazard of developing liver cirrhosis. As there is a high prevalence of grownups who consume intoxicant in ( U.K ) , every bit much 90 % ( REF ) . This entirely does non stand anybody in good position, allow entirely Mr B as he has a history of intoxicant abuse. There appears to be a immense spread in recognition of the day-to-day benchmark, and if people measure there alcohol units ( National Statistics 2006 ) . Mr B ‘s deficiency of instruction demonstrates that is unable to construe how much he is advised to imbibe, which may hold led to his inordinate imbibing. 1 in 16 people are admitted to hospital with intoxicant related unwellnesss ( ref2 ) It is known that greater intoxicant consumed, the higher hazard of unwellness, such as oesophageal malignant neoplastic disease, which increases significantly one time the intoxicant consumption exceeds more than 3 drinks per twenty-four hours ( NICE/Health Development Agency 2005 ) . Mr B ‘s old consumption of intoxicant indicates that may be a possible hazard to oesophageal malignant neoplastic disease. This presents a secondary hazard to him as he already has ( ALD ) .Q.1 AssessmentAny intervention and care given must be given with the patient ‘s ain demands and penchants should be taken into history. A patient with an acute unwellness should be made cognizant that they have the right to do informed determinations about the attention that receive, together with their health care professionals. However, if a patient does non hold the mental capacity to do determinations themselves ( Dep artment of Health 2001 ) . Nursing is to advance wellness, mending, growing and development, and to forestall disease, unwellness, hurt, and disablement. When a individual becomes sick or handicapped, nursing is guaranting that a individual ‘s hurt and agony is kept to a lower limit, and enable people to grok and to cover with their unwellness or disablement, its intervention and effects. When decease is foreseeable, the rule of nursing is to guarantee that the best quality of life is maintained until its terminal ( 2003 ) . An appraisal is a methodical, purposeful and synergistic procedure that strengthens every characteristic of nursing attention ( Heaven & A ; Maguire 1996 ) . This is where a both nurse and patient indentify the patient ‘s demands and anxiousnesss, whereby individualized attention is given. Roper-Logan-Tierney theoretical account specifically for nursing is widely used in pattern throughout the United Kingdom, it is besides used in many nursing schools, which demonstrates the relation between theory and pattern in nursing ( Roper et al 2000 ) . Although all 12 Activities of day-to-day life ( ADL ) are every bit of import when measuring a patient, I shall merely do reference of a few due to the limited sum of words. Mr B Obs Initially B ‘s external respiration was absolutely within normal scope. However, as his status deteriorated his external respiration was compromised. It was inevitable that he required O therapy, to assist help his external respiration. In order for his lungs to have sufficient sum of O ( o2 ) , it was of import he was sat vertical. His respiratory rate was 35 breaths per minute. The deepness was hapless, which was apparent due the fact of the attempt he used to take a breath in and out. Royal Marsden CHECK It is cardinal that patients observations are obtained on the initial appraisal or at the clip of their admittance, which will assist place any important alterations their observations. ( Nice 2007 ) . Elimination is another activity of day-to-day life, which I felt was compromised. Mr B had a urine catheter, to help him with go throughing piss, and so we could detect his end product closely. Fluid balance is critical when a patient is acutely ailing, it is of import that this is observed ( ref ) . Mr B was able to travel to the lavatory independently on admittance to infirmary. As he became acutely ailing, this became more of a battle, and he was unable to make this himself. I felt his self-respect was compromised due to his illness/condition deterioration. However, I managed to keep this to the best of my ability, esteeming his self-respect throughout my clip caring for him. The Nursing and Midwifery Council ( NMC ) emphasises that we as healthcare professional must handle people who we care for as persons and esteem their self-respect ( 2008 ) . This meant that he was unable to extinguish independently, which accordingly diminished his independency. In order for Mr B to recover his mobility, we had to chiefly handle his ( ALD ) , so he could so reconstruct this. Harmonizing to ( NMC ) It is critical that we support people in our attention, guaranting they care for themselves, in order to heighten and keep their wellness ( 2008 ) . I felt that Mr B ‘s mobility was another ( ADL ) which was doing a immense concern. As Mr B was in the acute stage of his ( ALD ) he became encephalopathy, which caused his mobility to diminish ( ref ) . His reduced mobility was holding a knock on consequence on his independency, doing him to go farther down and withdrawn. Mr B ‘s physical wellbeing was doing a immense concern. His hepatic brain disorder induced by the harm to his liver, which depleted his mobility. Hepatic brain disorder is a neuropsychiatric, whereby the liver has been harm due to inordinate imbibing. In hepatic encephalopathy ammonium hydroxide is non being converted into carbamide, which should usually be excreted by the kidneys, accordingly it so enters the systemic circulation ( Zimmaro & A ; Sawchuk, 2004 ) . Ref med n surg Consequently to Mr B holding alcoholic liver disease, he had oesophageal varices. This is whereby a composite of Byzantine venas at the inferior terminal of the gorge, are enlarged and swollen as a consequence of the portal high blood pressure. If left untreated Mr B may be capable to an oesophageal or stomachic variceal rupture, which may do hypovolemic daze ( ref ) . HB As Mr B has portal high blood pressure, this means he is a high hazard of a Gastrointestinal bleed ( GI Bleed ) . A ( GI ) bleed is where portal high blood pressure occurs when there is an obstructor in the intra- or extrahepatic circulation ( REF ) . Psychologically I feel that Mr B ‘s physical demands were been depleted due to his chronic condition/illness. On admittance to infirmary, Mr B was highly malnourished, dehydrated and presented with self-neglect, which was provoked by his overly imbibing. Harmonizing to Maslow ( 1943 ) , these are all basic physiological demands. Mr B had late lost his Dendranthema grandifloruom to malignant neoplastic disease, which led to imbibing intoxicant overly. He felt he ne'er grieved decently, or spoke to anyone about his loss. I feel that this was a important contributing factor to his backsliding. Ref bereaves ) . Prior to his mourning he had been clean and free of intoxicant. Attending a support groups for alkies, such as alcoholic anon. may hold prevented his backsliding * ( REF ) . Consequently, this may hold helped him to get by with the loss of his Dendranthema grandifloruom, and assist beef up his ability to get the better of his alcoholic dependence. Mr B feels that he is socially excluded from society as he has been unable to work due to his illness/condition. As a nurse, it is cardinal that I help in back uping him, so he feels included in society, which may be done so by reffering him to an occupational healer. ( OT ) consume Whilst measuring Mr B, he disclosed that when he was turning up his pa consumed intoxicant overly. He feels that this had a immense impact on him, act uponing him follow his pa behaviour. It is known that if a people have parents ‘ who misuses intoxicant, so they have greater hazard of following these traits ( ref ) . Preventive steps will assist ease Mr B in act uponing his kids from following his drinking civilization. Socio-economic background may hold immense deduction in the execution of the effects of inordinate ingestion of intoxicant. I feel that this may be a immense barrier for Mr B to hold on the constructs of the damaging effects of intoxicant abuse. As a health care it is critical that I simplify the possible long term wellness effects of inordinate intoxicant comsumption. ( Ref )Q3.Required attentionAt present, there is no national service model ( NSF ) for liver disease patients. The primary attention trusts view in liver patients, is that they are non a immense precedence. Specialists stressed that liver patients are being left out on National Health Service ( NHS ) financess, which means that they will be at greater hazard ( REFFFBBC ) . However, there is National Institute Clinical ( NICE ) Guidelines in topographic point in order to assist supply quality attention to those enduring with ( ALD ) . Shaw et al indentified an assessment tool for patients enduring with intoxicant backdown, which establishes the badness of their backdown, and what appropriate intervention is required ( 1981 ) . The assessment tool used is the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Withdrawal ( CIWA-A ) , which is scored Mild-20.4, Moderate 24.2, and Severe 29. In regard to the appraisal tool, Mr B had a assortment of the typical backdown symptoms, which were ; shudders, sudating, hallucinating, and agitation, which meant he scored 20 & gt ; .Nonetheless, this presented a important hazard, if left untreated may take to complications. Mr B was treated as per protocol, which is ; Librium is benzodiazepine minor tranquilizers drug, which is used for short-run anxiousness, and should non be used long-run ( bnf 2010 ) . Harmonizing ( NICE ) guidelines the protocol intervention for anxiousness is 10 mgs Three times daily ( TDS ) , and may increased if necessary to 60-100 mgs daily in divided doses. The dosing government is a fixed dosage, get downing on twenty-four hours one at 20-30milligrams ( MGS ) four times daily, twenty-four hours two 20-30mgs three times day-to-day, twenty-four hours two 20-30mgs twice daily, and twenty-four hours four 20-30mgs one at bedtime. There is besides a symptoms triggered dose as required ( PRN ) , this depends on the badness of the symptoms. Benzodiazepine acts on receptors in the cardinal nervous system ( CNS ) to originate the action of gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA ) , which is a neurotransmitter. ( GABA ) receptors have at least two benzodiazepine receptors, which are named BZ and BZ2, when stimulated they enhance the repressive action by the ( GABA ) ( Alan et al. 2004 ) As Mr B ‘s brain disorder was impacting his degree of consciousness, it was significantly of import that we carried out his neurological observations. Neurological observations is whereby an appraisal and rating of an person ‘s unity and map of an person ‘s nervous system ( Rowley & A ; Fielding 1991 ) .CHECK WEB His status has meant that he is temporarily paralyzed, doing his musculuss to weaken, decreasing his physical strength. As a consequence he may potentially necessitate physical therapy. ( ref ) Education can be An probe that may be done to discourage if there is any obstructor in the portal venous system is an angiography, which establishes the cause and site of obstructor. It is besides critical that Mr B has an endoscopy, which will uncover gastro-oesophageal varices. It is of import that Mr B ‘s haemoglobin is closely monitored, this will bespeak if there is any signifier of bleed or obstructor ( Miller et al 2006 ) . PHARM Ascitess is another clinical manifestation of hepatic cirrhosis. It is where serous fluid is repeatedly produced in the peritoneal cavity.. This is when an accretion of fluid in the abdominal pit enters quicker than it can be returned to the circulation by the capillaries and lymphatics. If this is left untreated, the accretion of fluid will compromise Mr B ‘s critical variety meats, doing it hard for them to map. One of the mechanisms of ascites is hypoalbuminemia, whereby the liver is unable to synthesise albumen. It is of import this fluid is drained from the abdominal pit. There are two interventions which are used to run out this extra fluid. One is, an anti-diuretic called spriolactone, which is a loop water pill. Ref bnf This is done so by the interpolation of an ascitic drain. ref Anderson et al defines that the disposal of whole blood or any of its constituents into the blood stream, to rectify or handle any clinical abnormalcies ( 1994 ) . Mr B was given Human Albumin Solution ( HAS ) transfusion to modulate is hypoalbuminemia. Harmonizing to the ( BNF ) 20-25 % of concentrated solution of ( HAS ) may be used to obtain a diuresis in hypoalbuminaemic, it is of import whilst a patient receives this plasma replacement, their unstable balance is closely monitored ( 2010 ) . FBC REF Patients with alcohol-related liver disease are frequently malnourished, which accordingly has disadvantageous effects in their endurance ( Mendenhall et al.1984 ) KEISER MODEL As intoxicant abuse is going a immense load on the national wellness service ( 2000 ) . NICE guidelines stated that when such patients present themselves to hospital, it is of import that they are referred to the appropriate health care professional, which will guarantee they receive equal support ( 2010 ) . On admittance Mr B was referred to the intoxicant specializer nurse ( ANS ) , who deal with the intervention, after attention, and followup. Mr become nutritionally depleted as a consequence of his intoxicant liver diease, it was indispensable that was introduced some signifier of nutrition. ( Lechtenberg & A ; Warner ) states that Nutritional support must be offered, and see implementing a nasogastric tubing eating ( NG ) ( 1992 ) . KIASER MODEL The Kaiser theoretical account is to assist guarantee that there is a strategic and systemic attack towards those with ( LTC ‘s ) . It focuses in instance direction on the most vulnerable people with ( LTC ‘s ) . Mr B degree of attention is disease specific direction, which is ( flat 2 ) , this encompasses tracts and protocols. As mentioned earlier in the assignment there is presently no ( NSF ) for people with alcoholic liver disease. However, there are ( NICE ) guidelines to help in supplying attention for people with ( ALD ) . Mr B was populating independently prior to his admittance, with no input from multidisciplinary squad ( MDT ) . Planing the discharge on Mr B meant I had to look at the wider facets of his illness/condition. I feel that the execution of societal services would be highly benifical to Mr B. A referral to a liver nurse specializer I feel that Mr B would profit from a support group such as alkies anon. , which may assist diminish his hereafter admittances to infirmary. The Alcohol Needs Assessment Research Project ( ANARP ; Department of Health, 2005 ) identifies three classs of alcohol-use upsets. The clinical grounds reappraisal showed that benzodiazepines were more effectual than placebo for the bar of craze tremens and intoxicant backdown seizures26. The mean cost for handling patients with AAW across all trusts in England and Wales was estimated to be ?219 per in-patient day181. Acute intoxicant backdown hypertext transfer protocol: //www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Alcohol-Related-Problems.htm barr A. Drink: a societal history London 1998? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ref orford j. inordinate appetencies: psychological position of dependences 2nd edition chichester: wiley 2001 hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Physiotherapy/Pages/How-does-it-work.aspx You must back up people in caring for themselves to better and keep their wellness Shaw JM, Kolesar GS, Sellers EM, Kaplan HL, Sandor P. Development of optimum intervention tactics for intoxicant backdown, I: appraisal and effectivity of supportive attention. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 1981 ; 8:382-389. British Medical Association and Royal Pharmaceutical Society of Great Britain. British National Formulary. 58 erectile dysfunction. London: United kingdom: BMJ Group and RPS Publishing ; 2009. DO NOT REF BELOW hypertext transfer protocol: //books.google.co.uk/books? id=q4qMwXJm4iwC & A ; pg=PR13 & A ; dq=Roper+N+etal+ ( 1996 ) +The+elements+of+nursing+a+model+for & A ; hl=en & A ; ei=BPYDTfPxJoyU4gbfwsWTCg & A ; sa=X & A ; oi=book_result & A ; ct=result & A ; resnum=1 & A ; ved=0CDMQ6AEwAA # v=onepage & A ; q & A ; f=false Fatty liver disease is reversible. If you stop imbibing intoxicant for two hebdomads, your liver should return to normal. Alcoholic liver disease is widespread in England. It is estimated that: 90-100 % of heavy drinkers have alcoholic fatty liver disease oneA in fourA drinkers with fatty liver disease will develop alcoholic hepatitis one in five drinkers with fatty liver disease will develop cirrhosis A heavy drinker is person who on a regular basis exceeds the recommended hebdomadal bound for intoxicant ingestion. This isA 3-4A units of intoxicant a twenty-four hours for work forces, andA 2-3A units for adult females. Womans are more likely to develop alcoholic liver disease, but work forces are more likely to decease from it, perchance because work forces tend to be heavier drinkers. In 2008, there were 4,764 deceases in England and Wales due to alcoholic liver disease. Three-fourthss ofA these were work forces. Death ratesA linked to alcoholic liver disease have risen by over two-thirds ( 69 % ) A in the lastA 30 old ages. This makes alcohol one of the most common causes of decease, along with smoke and high blood force per unit area. Fatty liver disease and hepatitis can develop at any age. Cirrhosis normally develops in people aged 40 or over.A However, instances of cirrhosis have been reported in people of all ages, including adolescents. NHS Clinical Knowledge Summaries, intoxicant abuse. hypertext transfer protocol: //www.cks.nhs.uk/patient_information_leaflet/Alcohol_misuse Aped hypertext transfer protocol: //www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nugget.asp? ID=1027 & A ; Pos=1 & A ; ColRank=2 & A ; Rank=1000 Roper N etal ( 1996 ) The elements of nursing a theoretical account for hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nmc-uk.org/Nurses-and-midwives/The-code/The-code-in-full/ hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/12995/48989/48989.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_103161.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/2660977.stm Heaven C.M. & A ; Maguire P. ( 1996 ) Training hospice nurses to arouse patient concerns. Journal of Advanced Nursing 23, 280AÂ ±286. International Council of Nursing ( 2007 ) www.ICN.ch/definition. Anderson, K.N. , Anderson, L.E. & A ; Glanze, W.D. ( explosive detection systems ) ( 1994 ) Mosby ‘s medical, Nursing, and Allied Health Dictionary, 4th edition. Mosby, St Louis, MO. Galbraith, A, Bullock, S, Manias, E, Hunt, B & A ; Richards, A92004 ) Fundamentalss of Pharmacology, Second Edition, Essex, Pearson Education Limited hypertext transfer protocol: //www.nice.org.uk/nicemedia/live/11810/35950/35950.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //www.dh.gov.uk/prod_consum_dh/groups/dh_digitalassets/documents/digitalasset/dh_103653.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //www.rcn.org.uk/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/78569/001998.pdf hypertext transfer protocol: //qjmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/93/5/291.full Mendenhall CL, Anderson S, Garcia PP et Al. Short-run and long-run endurance in patients with alcoholic hepatitis treated with oxandrolone and Pediapred. New England Journal of Medicine. 1984 ; 311 ( 23 ) :1464-1470. Lechtenberg R, Worner TM. Entire ethanol ingestion as a ictus hazard factor in alkies. Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. 1992 ; 85 ( 2 ) :90-94

Positivism Theory Essay

Positivism, (also referred to as ‘empiricism’) is often used to indicate that this approach to understanding criminality is scientific. The term ‘positivism ‘ (or in its more sophisticated form â€Å"Logical Positivism†) is often used to refer to an approach that asserts it utilizes science or the scientific method (their version of science) to understand the causes of criminality and thus the solutions to solving it. Positivism is an epistemological position or a theory of knowledge which assets that science is based upon theories that have been induced from and only from empirical evidence or the evidence of the senses (hence the term ‘empirical’ or that which can be experienced by the senses). Positivists reject any evidence that cannot be objectively experienced or observed such as that derived from tradition, faith, magic, religion, philosophy or any other form of knowledge or belief that does not have an empirical basis. Thus they want to explain criminal behaviour by reference to causes that can be observed or measured. Causes have to be material and observable – biological positivists look at biological observables such as anatomical abnormalities, identifiable genetic or gene patterns, bodily movements etc. Psychological positivists will also look at biological observables but will add behavioural factors, child rearing practices and brain abnormalities that cause identifiable behaviour outcomes. Many modern scientists have virtually discredited positivism in favour of what we call the hypothetico-deductionist approach or a falsficationist approach. This approach begins with theoretical conjectures (or hypotheses) and then seeks to prove or disprove them by means of empirical evidence. However, whatever the differences in method both positivism and hypothetico-deductionism seek empirical evidence for their theoretical positions. Implicit in these approaches is the idea that the scientist is an objective disinterested observer of natural events with no preconceptions about them. In the case of physics these natural events or laws are said to be found in nature itself as, for example, in the study of such phenomena as the movement of the planets around the Sun, the effect of gravity on the tides and the phenomenon of the seasons created by the movement of the Earth around the Sun. In these cases the object of study is seen as governed by universal natural laws which the scientist has to discover. When this approach is applied in the human or social sciences we have to understand our object of study (i. e. human beings or societies) as also governed or regulated by rules that the scientist has to discover. Thus Biological Criminologists will use data from such sources as twin studies, family studies, genetic patterns, biochemical aspects and so on – anything that can be studied by means of ‘objective’, methods and which may throw up some biological explanation of that behaviour or a principle or a law that explains that behaviour. It follows that in positivist criminality, ‘criminals’ are identified as certain kinds Of human beings who are governed by events or natural phenomena that have been set in place by something external to them and, in a sense, beyond their control. Thus ‘criminals’ do not make decisions about their criminal behaviour they are, as it were, caused to behave in this way by factors that operate in a sense, ‘behind their backs’. Thus, so-called abstract views of human nature such as that they are rational and use reason in making choices about their actions have to be discarded as a cause of behaviour in favour of non-rational causes such as determination by such things as biological inheritance or forms of social conditioning or, in many cases, a combination of both (as in Eysenck). Positivists aim is to identify those with criminal tendencies – or those already classified as criminals and use them as their data base. Their goal is to ascertain what has caused their criminality and then to look for ways of ‘correcting’ such criminality or, even better, to ascertain those with tendencies for criminality (before hopefully they commit a crime) and to put some preventative measures in place. Biological positivists generally look for biological causes generally in genetic inheritance. A well know example is that of ‘Klinenfelter’s Syndrome’ where a study of known criminals identified was said to be an extra ‘y’ chromosome.

Euthanasia and a Right to Die essays

Euthanasia and a Right to Die essays I once heard this story a long time ago. I cant remember what I was doing at the time, and it is rare that I can remember a story in such detail, but when I do, I consider it has profound meaning. Wait, now I remember. I was working in a cancer ward and I took my break next to the patient rooms. Oddly enough, the place seemed dreadfully empty, except for one old man whom I suspect had cancer. I thought to myself there could not be any harm in having a conversation with him so I meandered over until I sat next to him. Without hesitation, he asked me, Have you ever seen anyone die? I never had, nor had I ever known anyone close to me die. Sure, thousands die on the news everyday, but Im completely desensitized to issues far away from home. So this question struck me as quite peculiar and I knew I was in for an interesting conversation. I did not want to sound boring, so I boasted that I had seen nearly every way a person can die. I left out the part that I had seen all those deaths on television. He gave me a smirk, but whether he was impressed or saw through my facade, I will never know. Hes probably dead now, you see. But I suspect it was the latter. So he began to tell me this story. It goes something like this. Not too long ago in a kingdom lived a king, and this king loved all the joys that life could bring. He especially loved to laugh, often waking up in the middle of the night laughing hysterically from a dream he had. All his advisors could not understand the source of his laughter. Indeed, they tried many methods to curtail his humor in the hopes that he would act more like a king than a jester. Finally, at their wits end, they decided that they should hold a great contest to find the best court jester to entertain the king. I think thats where the saying if you cant beat them, join them came from. Anyway, in the great court, the funniest men in the kingdom conve...

Proposal Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Paper - Research Proposal Example kin Park is a modern band comprising six young and energetic gentlemen that are out to introduce a new style of music presentation in the art industry. Armed to the teeth with drum sets, electronic guitars, pianos, violins and many more tools, this band is out to set an example for the other artists who have found creativity quite a heavy laden. Theirs is a mix of rap and a combination of both low pitch and high pitch vocals that is less practised by other rock artists (Linkin Park Biography). The rapping is full of rhymes that will make one want to listen for more and more of their artistry. Most songs are started by rhythmic rapping followed by an interlude of singing of the chorus either high or low pitched (About Linkin Park). In as much as not all of them may be vocalists, they promote a high degree of unity of band members as each one’s contribution to their thirst for success is openly visible. Their songs can entertain the youth most but not restricted as some of their songs are quite slow, and the lyrics can be comprehended even by the middle-aged alike. This is definitely a band to watch out

Strategic corporate finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Strategic corporate finance - Essay Example Price-to earnings ratios as a method of share valuation aids in the determination of whether a company is undervalued or overvalued, however, P/E ratio has a number of limitations or pitfalls and is only valid in specific circumstances. Its usefulness is undermined by the following factors. The first factor is accounting. Earnings from which is it derived is an accounting figure that is determined under the guidance of accounting rules known as Generally Accepted accounting Principles, GAAP) that are subject to change and they usually vary from one country to another (Barnhart & Giannetti 2009: 79). Therefore, EPS can be squeezed, twisted and prodded into numerous numbers depending on how one decides to do the books. It is therefore subjective and the figures being compared may not be the same. The second factor that limits the usefulness of P/E ratio is inflation. During times of high inflation, P/E ratio tends to e much lower because the market normally views the earnings as bein g artificially distorted upwards (Ball 2012: 327). During such times, depreciation as well as inventory costs tends to be understated since the replacement costs of equipment as well as goods increase with the rise in general level of prices. Information therefore, makes it hard to value the shares because past information is often less useful today. P/E ratio cannot therefore give a clear picture regarding the valuation of the shares of the company in times of high inflation Another limitation is about market interpretations. The values of P/E can be interpreted in a number of ways, for instance, a low P/E ratio may mean that the company is undervalued. On the other hand, it may indicate that the market thinks that the firm in question is headed for trouble or problems in the near future. This implies that the earnings of the company will reduce lower than expected (Ball 2012: 330). It is clear that companies are able to manipulate

Community Health Advocacy Project Part Four Essay - 1

Community Health Advocacy Project Part Four - Essay Example The most prominent causes of depression in the elderly include lack of physical activity, lower self esteem and reduction in social activity. According to psychology people who exercise properly on a daily basis are less likely to contract various diseases whereas those people who manage to maintain an appropriate level of self esteem and keep on working hard towards attaining their professional and personal goals can avoid the possibility of depression because of their healthy lifestyle (Livingston, Blizard, & Mann, 1993). The nursing and other medical staff can help older patients in fighting depression by motivating them to maintain the habit of walking. Moreover, the medical staff should also promote the habit of reading in the patients because it is believed that books can help humans in recovering from diseases. The books are helpful regarding fighting depression because they provide patients with an opportunity to shift focus from the disease and thus they experience less psychological burden (Schulz, Drayer, & Rollman, 2002). Yee, the family and friends can also play a significant role in eliminating depression and hopelessness in the elderly because old people are found to be considering their children and family as true sources of motivation. More especially elders tend to extract happiness from educational and professional achievements of the children. Therefore it is suggested that families should maintain close contact with elders in order to prolong their life span. Yes, retirement can also be taken as an active cause of depression because it forces elders to think that they are not of any use to the society anymore. But it is the responsibility of the society to keep retirees busy in healthy activities like gardening. The elders should also be encouraged towards joining social clubs so that they can have sufficient social activity as

Learning What Was Never Taugh Essay Example for Free

Learning What Was Never Taugh Essay In this short story, author Sabine Reichel tells her tale of growing up in a post-WWII Germany education system. Her main focus is the lack of history being taught at that time. The specific history she is referring to being that of Adolf Hitler, the holocaust, and the Third Reich. She looks at her own experience with her teachers and then talks at length about an interview she conducted later in her life with an older man who was a teacher in post-war Germany. This teacher, Casar Hagener, was a relatively young man at the time of the war and was very much against what was going on. Reichel conducted this interview when Hagener was seventy-six. He speaks of being forced into the Nazi party, being drafted, and his contempt for his contemporaries. The majority of her experience with teachers involves them dancing and side-stepping around the entire block of time that Germany was at war. The piece concludes stating that the German students today know more about Hitler and the Third Reich than any previous generation. Reichel could give more fact than observation if this piece were to truly hit home. She merely gives her own biased observation of what was going on with her teachers rather than any facts or case studies. Her inductive makes the story a bit weak in my opinion. I didn’t really find much to sink my teeth into in this story as Reichel only gives her point of view. There are no facts backing up her claim that German students today know more about Hitler and the Third Reich than any other generation. The language used in the story is quite descriptive. There were a few images that jumped off the page at me. One in particular was, â€Å"The dark clouds were gone, the past had been left behind, and he turned jocular and voluble again. † Another device used in the story is the simile. For instance when Reichel says the German youth must be, â€Å"resilient as leather, fast as a weasel, and hard as Krupp steel. The other example being, â€Å"A house without a fence is disorderly, like a coat with a missing button. † I read this story immediately after writing my response to Hotel Rwanda and it made me think about how much history repeats itself. In thinking about the genocide in Rwanda and the lack of action from the international community I think about the lack of action right now in Darfur. Watching Hotel Rwanda, I could only think that the international community would learn from what happened in Europe during WWII and learn from that.

Why Is the Term “World Cinema” Problematic?

Why Is the Term â€Å"World Cinema† Problematic? Generally the term â€Å"World cinema† is used for films produced in different countries of world, especially non-English speaking countries, i.e. why some people tries to explain it as a foreign language cinema. But world cinema is a much broader concept which includes the commercial and the artistic films produced by the third world countries. Actually, it has many different meanings than foreign language cinema. World cinema refers to all filmmaking countries. There is a lot of misunderstandings and complications regarding this term. To have the proper understanding of world cinema first we should have to go through with the world cinema history. Cinema was started from the year 1880s by US, but the duration between the years 1880 and 1904 is actually known as the American silent era. In these early years of cinema there a lot of inventions and innovations took place. Filmmaking was the commercial medium in US. There the first camera was invented by Dickson in the year 1890 and then first film was made. With the time many new inventions were been made. Some small studios were also made where audience could watch the film for some money. At that time cinema was limited to US audience only. At the same time, France was also efforting for cinema. In France, the Lumiere brothers invented the combination of camera, and projector named Cinematograph. And they were the first person there who produced movies and projected it publically in Paris in the year 1895.They continued it with filming many more events in France and send them to London and New York. In the year 1896, the first exhibition of Cinematograph took place in Latin America and after that it travelled many cities of the world like Bombay, Shenghai, Dakar, Manilla, etc.There, some more production companies and distribution companies distributed many films to US which improvised the image of cinema in Europe and US. But at the time of first world war, most of the European film industries were affected badly and most of them got shut. Due to which French Cinema lost its market. After the end of World War, French companies again tried to stand their industry. French film industry linked to to some art movements like Impressionism, DADA, and surrealism. Impressionism began in 1860 in France, and many of impressionists believed that art should not be competed with realism and it should pick the artist`s impression to the external world. There should be impressionists films which should relate to the viewer`s heart and value. They should express emotional and mental states of film characters by manipulating the use of camera. According to them, there should be subjective camera work, use of optical devices and rhythmic reading. Before the First World War, German cinema was relatively insignificant industry. There was very little emphasis on film making until the govt. Recognised potential political value of cinema. Ultimately, due to the war the German cinema grew up. Where as, it declined in the rest part of Europe. The major cause of growth of German cinema was growth of isolationism. The German industrialists and politicians encouraged the German cinema a lot as they were politically influenced. Almost it became the legacy of German golden age. It gave a good impact on Hollywood by reinforcement of character and narrative visually conveyed. Before the revolution in 1917, Russian cinema was struggling to survive.There was a few number of films produced at that time but after the end of revolution, it passed through much more bad condition as there were conflicts between the red people and white people.That time the Russian cinema was almost finished due to the attacks by the foreign powers.there were some practice made by the government to save it.At that time Constructivism,the art movement, circus and montage were the influence there.According to these purpose of the art was to serve the society.Russian filmmakers changed there vision for film and approached films as scientists.Then popular art was taken as much effective that the traditional arts and there were visual effects been much emphasised than the story. British cinema was similar to the cinema of US with almost same technical, narrative and popularity.But with an increase in the number of sstudios in US it was down than Hollywood.British cinema was dominated by Hollywood because of the same language.In the year 1927 The British government passed Quota Act which was designed to limitise the import of Hollywood film in Britain and to stimulate the British films.But it was not running good in it early and mid cinematic history.But after the huge success of a British movie â€Å"The private life of Henry viirsquo in US, British cinema again started running well.Then in the year 1938 a new quota act was introduced and many British filmmakers came back on work with new style and The respect for realism, social issueslike domestic problems and Fascism in Europe. There was a significant contribution on doucumenatries afterwards.At the time of World War 11, a team of filmmakers working under government prepared for the war and began with th e production of propaganda films. After the war Italys most significant era of film making occurred in 1942-51 with a movement known as â€Å"Italian Neorealismrsquo. At this time the themes of the Italian films were focussed on the social and political issues and realism bordering on documentaries.Italian film industry was influenced by the other national cinemas like US, France and Great Britain.But before the Neorealism Italian films were made with high production values and special effects.These films were used to be imported by US.And it was popular in all over the Europe.But in 1920 the Fascist government came in rule and made the propaganda films and required theatre to show them. The government tried to control the film industry by it own but was unable to control effectively. The Fascist government provided two institutions named â€Å"Cinecitta and â€Å"Centro Sperimentale di Cinematografia. Cincitta was a huge production center with 12 sound stages which got some damaged at the time of the war.And the second one was a state-sponsored filmmaking school.In the era of Neorealism 1st real Neorealist film was made named â€Å"open city in the year 1945. Italian cinema was not popular even in Italy and US audience never accepted it.US took its advantage by making co-productions in Italy.French Poetic Realism affected the Neorealism and Hollywood was enjoying the advantages of Neorealism. After the war Europe became the true competitive of Hollywood for which the two world wars became the reasons.After world war ll Western Europe promoted the â€Å"auteurism means meant to be the personal expressions of individual artists. In the late 1940 and 50s a new term came in existence Tradition of Quality.There were studio systems. theatrical and literary and high production values.One more theory was there the â€Å"AUTEUR THEORY.According to this theoryfilms should be a medium of self expression.The Auteur critics rejected the the French tradition of Quality by saying that French cinema is much literary than cinematic.These critics preferred directors of French Poetic Realism and Italian Neorealism.Then the French New Wave took place there from year 1959-68. The directors of the new waves were critics first who were not influenced by the stage and literature but by the films and borrowed money for the low-budget films.The films produced in this period were not narratively influenced, their cinematic style and editing styles were not good.but when the French new Wave declined in the year 1968, many directors were absorbed into the French studio system and made the popular films which were low-budget popular and praised internationally.It was a major step in the European art cinema.These influenced the other movments and national cinemas like US,British,etc.The Auteur Theory became universal world wide directors approached this theory.