Pros and Cons of Globalization - 2741 Words

Pros and cons of globalization Department: International Management Lecturer: Prof. Dr. Henkel and Prof. Dr. Perlitz Name: Shi Zhun Student ID: 1223396 Date: 29/Oct/2008 Table of Contents Page Number 1. Summary...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 2. Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 3. The definition of globalization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...........4 4. Economic growth (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..5 5. Worker (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..7 6. Consumer (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..9 7. Human rights (pros and cons)†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...11 8. Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..13 References†¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..14 Figure 1 Growth in Volume of World Merchandise Trade and Gross Domestic Product,†¦show more content†¦The Era of Globalization is fast becoming the preferred term for describing the current times. According to Patricia (2001), just as the Depression, the Cold War Era, the Space Age, and the Roaring 20s are used to describe particular periods of history; globalization describes the political, economic, and cultural atmosphere of today. While some people think of globalization as primarily a synonym for global business, it is much more than that. The same forces that allow businesses to operate as if national borders did not exist also allow social activists, labor organizers, journalists, academics, and many others to work on a global stage (Patricia, 2001). While coming up with a definition is difficult, an even greater challenge is deciding whether globalization is a good thing or a bad thing. 4. Economic growth (pros and cons) According to Robert and Murray (2001), on average, countries integrating rapidly with global economy enjoy higher economic growth rates than countries with closed economies. The result is higher levels of national output and rising per capita incomes. 5 Progress does not always proceed smoothly, but the trend is clearly upward and far more favorable than in the absence of open markets around the world. Figure 1 Growth in Volume of World Merchandise Trade and Gross Domestic Product, 1994-2004 (Annual Percentage Change) Source: World Trade Report 2005, World Trade Organization As figure 1 fromShow MoreRelatedPros and Cons of Globalization873 Words   |  4 PagesThe Pros People have been on the move, traded, migrated and colonized in the earlier times; while in the process they transformed both places that they traveled to and the places that they came from. The pro-globalization people say that it is not just good for the rich but it’s good for the poor, because back in the 1990’s, when globalization took off, about 200 million people got out of poverty in places like India and China. Globalization is the process by which economies of countries aroundRead MoreAnalysis of the Pros and Cons of Globalization1212 Words   |  5 PagesGlobalization Introduction The continued accelerating pace of change in globalization is forcing an entirely new level of emphasis on individualized, highly targeted marketing across the many regions and countries of the world. Global marketing today must contend with a wider array of constraints, both economic and cultural, that as ever been the case in the past (Gupta, 2003). These constraints fuel a high level of creativity and focus on how to overcome cultural and economic constraints throughRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Globalization803 Words   |  4 PagesThe term ‘globalisation’ is commonly used to describe a modernisation and capitalist expansion, that entails a variety of economic, cultural, social and political changes over the past 50 years, that have shaped the world today (Guttal, 2007, pp. 524). An important aspect of this concept, is the rapid increase in transnational movements of goods and services, and the weakening notion of national and geo-political borders. Not only has glo balisation created economic prosperity but also a large flowRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essays1386 Words   |  6 Pagesspread of cultures, trade, information and creating options, Globalization can be highly beneficial to everyone by bestowing great fortunes on us. This essay will highlight the positive and negative effects of globalisation, but also discuss solutions and evaluate them. Economists have used the term globalization since the 1980’s, although it was used in social sciences in the 1960’s. However, the principles and ideas of globalization have not spread to the twentieth century. Globalisation isRead MoreGlobalization, Pros and Cons for Developing Countries938 Words   |  4 Pagesterm â€Å"Globalization† for developing countries. Some social, economic and environmental issues are discussed in the paper. This Document addresses the advantages and disadvantages of the term â€Å"Globalization† for developing countries. Some social, economic and environmental issues are discussed in the paper. Hosein Rahmati Hosein Rahmati Globalization, Pros And Cons For Developing Countries January 2012 Globalization, Pros And Cons For Developing Countries January 2012 Globalization couldRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay987 Words   |  4 Pages Globalization is the process by which states become interdependent on each other on all spheres of life. It is a process where countries go global by adapting universal characteristics involving human race. It is therefore the process of uniting people of the world into one unit with universal characteristics. This characteristics include; systems of education, politics, democracy, economy among many others. Through globalization economies, civilizations and societies become integrated into a globalisedRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesGlobalization. Everyday you hear it on the news, you read it in the newspaper, and you overhear people talking about it- and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaning. When I hear of globalization I think of the whole world coming close together in all phases. I tend to think that we as human beings are breaking down barriers that have been protected or guarded. For insta nce, I initially thought of the progress we are making in the communication aspect. SoRead MoreEssay on The Pros and Cons of Globalization900 Words   |  4 PagesGlobalization can be defined as the system of interaction among the countries of the world in order to develop the global economy. It also refers to the integration of economics and societies all over the world (http://hotbabefatchicks.hubpages.com/hub/Definition-of-Globalization). Globalization can be both advantageous and detrimental to developing countries. Some of its advantages are increased external finance, improved technology and political conformism. Disadvantages of globalization includeRead MoreThe Pros and Cons of Globalization Essay963 Words   |  4 Pages It is debated whether globalization is an advantage or disadvantage to our society. Everyday you hear it on the news, you read it in the newspaper, and you overhear people talking about it and in every single instance the word globalization seems to have a different meaning. Globalization is the process by which a business or company becomes international or starts to operate on an international level such like the rise of the so-called global economy. It can also bring the world closer throughRead More Pros and Cons of Globalization and Localization Essays1487 Words   |  6 Pageshave been blessed with a stable economy. There has always been the extreme feeling of complacency and stability that comes with being a very large, internationally respected country. Strangely enough, America does not only reap the benefits of globalization, but it also basks in the glory of localization. We have, as a country, experienced much success both internationally and domestically. For example, w ithout our international businesses booming the way they are, our country would suffer from a

A Utopia By George Orwell - 1993 Words

The world is entrenched in a perpetual search to become a better place: trying to advance technology and society to reach high standards. It is continually working towards perfection with an end goal of achieving a utopia. However, the end goal may never be reached because after all, most utopias become dystopias. Utopias are meant to be impeccable societies with perfect life and people. The downfall is that the quality of flawlessness is not attainable. There are selfish people everywhere who take what they are given for granted . It may start out to be as seemingly ideal, but eventually, a utopia will take a turn for the worse as a result of human nature. Humans were created to be selfish and not even the strongest utopias can survive. A utopia is â€Å"an imaginary place in which the government, laws, and social conditions are perfect†; they seem to be everywhere, yet they really cease to exist (â€Å"Utopia†). George Orwell’s 1984 and Kurt Vonnegut’s H arrison Bergeron produce the illusion of a utopia but fall under dystopian characteristics. A dystopia is defined as â€Å"an imaginary place where people lead dehumanized and often fearful lives† (â€Å"Dystopia†). The two works incorporate dystopian characteristics such as bureaucratic control, a figurehead worshipped by society and a dehumanized state of living. Today, Arizona exhibits its own â€Å"utopia-turned-dystopia† with a project called Arcosanti. Created in 1975 by Paolo Soleri, Arcosanti thrives off his idea of â€Å"arcology†, whichShow MoreRelatedA Utopia By George Orwell1477 Words   |  6 PagesMany characteristics of the society that americans live in now demonstrate a utopia, therefore, they also demonstrate a dystopia. A utopia is a perfect world in which there are no problems like war, disease, poverty, oppression, discrimination, inequality, and more universal problems existing. A dystopia is a world in which nothing is perfect. P roblems are extreme things are dysfunctional and problematic. A utopia does not turn into a dystopia until the people living in that society do not live authenticRead MoreA Utopia And Dystopia By George Orwell1831 Words   |  8 Pages The concept of a utopia and dystopia is fascinating because they exist in both stories and real life and can be either based on a person’s ideals or perspective. A utopia is a situation in which the perfect ideals of a person or society are created or maintained. This situation can be real or imaginary as long as the person believes that they are equally happy. In contrast, a dystopia is a state in which an environment is extremely unfair and unjust, typically caused by oppression and dictatorshipRead MoreDystopia And Utopia In Animal Farm, By George Orwell980 Words   |  4 Pagesto attain. The story Animal Farm by George Orwell is an excellent example of why this goal is always out of reach. The animals wanted to create a better society for themselves where all are equal; nevertheless, as the story progressed, they ended up becoming the very dystopia they were trying to escape. The animals realized this at the end when â€Å"they looked from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which† (Orwell 97). How is it possible to start a societyRead MoreComparing Utopia Compared To 1984 And The Giver, By George Orwell847 Words   |  4 Pagesa book that consists of utopian beliefs and ideals, it’s fair to say that every person has thought about what it would be like to live such a way. A utopia is an imagined society where its citizens have nearly perfect qualities; everyone lives in harmony, and all actions are done for the greater good. A book similar to 1984, written by George Orwell, is The Giver which is written by Lois Lowry. Both books carry nearly the same situation throughout the reading: there’s a person or two, who does notRead MorePolitics And Politics In 1984, By George Orwell1469 Words   |  6 Pagesno such thing as keeping out of politics. All issues are political issues, and politics itself is a mass of lies, evasions, folly, hatred and schizophrenia† (Orwell, â€Å"Politics† 5). Living in the aftermath of World War II, and seeing how political inactivity gives rise to dictators like Adolf Hitler, it is no surprise that George Orwell commented on the common man’s relationship to politics. His political beliefs fed into his work, perhaps most notably the ominous 1984. The novel details a totalitarianRead MoreAnimal Farm Vs Animal Farm Essay1319 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel the Animal Farm and in the film The Truman show, both authors try to paint a picture of what utopia and a good life demonstrates through these two texts. If a good life is wanted then the animals need to work together to achieve their goal and truman needs to find out what is the real truth for him. The Truman Show and Animal Farm both try to convey what utopia would look like in our world by showing a false sense of what the world seems to be. Power and control is a huge theme in theRead MoreSimilarities Between The Truman Show And Animal Farm1219 Words   |  5 PagesWhat makes the perfect Utopia ? What is needed for a good life? These questions are so important when it comes to human’s view on power and control and how it should be used. In both stories, ‘Animal Farm’ (written by George Orwell) and ‘The Truman Show’ (directed by Peter Weir), the author and director explore these themes. Power and control, the good life, utopia. These three themes are key to living the full life. To have a utopia you must have a good life and to have a good life you must haveRead MoreAnimal Farm And The Truman Show Analysis1341 Words   |  6 Pages‘the Truman show’ George Orwell and Peter weir talk about how power, utopian societies, and the good life are relevant to the narratives. In these film/novel. In Animal Farm/ Truman show power can be used in many ways good or bad, but if you have too much of it you can use the power you have in many bad ways. The good life is demonstrated as the place where everyone works together and can achieve the ir goals in life. These novel/films have made it clear that Old Major’s, idea of utopia is a place whereRead MoreUtopia As A Dystopia1190 Words   |  5 Pagesutopian world, but it isn’t always what people think. A utopia is described as â€Å"an imaginary and indefinitely remote place; a place of ideal perfection especially in laws, government, and social conditions; an impractical scheme for social improvement† (â€Å"Utopia†). However, a dystopia is described as â€Å"an imagined state or place in which everything is unpleasant or bad, typically a totalitarian or environmentally degraded one† (â€Å"Dystopia†). George Orwell’s purpose in writing 1984 was to warn the modernRead MoreThe Impossible Utopia Essay828 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Jungwon Kim Mrs. Griffith English 10 GT 1 April, 2014 The Impossible Utopia â€Å"History consists of a series of swindles, in which he masses are first lured into revolt by the promise of utopia, and then, when they have done their job, enslaved over again by new masters† (Brander). Animal Farm, a farm with animals that are treated cruelly and dream for a better life in which animals are all equal and independent of depraved humans, is an allegory of the development of communism, even totalitarianism

My Favourite Pet Free Essays

My new pet is a dog. They are so loving, caring and a true friend. My little dog, Jingle, is a living example of what love is all about and he is my little treasure and holds a special place in my heart. We will write a custom essay sample on My Favourite Pet or any similar topic only for you Order Now Where in this world could you find a friend who is more faithful and pure of heart? I always know that when I get home, I have a friend waiting there for me. After a long day, it is always nice to be greeted by my trusting friend with the wagging tail. His little eyes seem to sparkle like a diamond and his loving ways can soothe a weary heart. A dog’s love is unselfish, pure, and so true. No finer friend could a person have than the love of a little dog. Little Jingle gives me great joy as he is an inspiration to me as he brings a smile to my face and a song to my heart. In the spring and summer when the weather is nice, we go for long walks and smell the flowers and the leaves along the woodland’s edge. He is a gentle little dog with a loud bark, though his bark is worse than his bite. Jingle’s love is as radiant as the summer sun and as pure as the morning dew. He is my ray of sunshine, even on a cloudy day as he puts my mind at ease. My little Jingle teaches me to be patient and to care. As his little eyes show me the true meaning of love and of what is important in life. In this hectic world of stress and strain, it is nice to have loyal and trusting friend who would give their life for you, if need be. How to cite My Favourite Pet, Papers

Cannabis Sativa Why Hasnt It Been Legalized Essay Example For Students

Cannabis Sativa: Why Hasnt It Been Legalized? Essay What if we were able to legalize a drug that works more efficiently on some diseases than any legal drug on the market today? This drug can help to aid such notorious diseases as AIDS and glaucoma. The name of this drug is cannabis sativa, or its more well-known name, marijuana. Cannabis sativa should be legalized for its medicinal uses. This paper will state the different types of diseases that marijuana may be used for, the current steps towards the legalization of this drug for medicinal purposes, the reasons for the use of this drug not to be exploited, the positive and alleviating effects of its use, and the non-addictive attributes of the drug itself. There are many reasons to show why the illegal drug, marijuana, should be legalized solely for its medicinal uses and benefits. Marijuana can be used for such things as glaucoma, controlling seizures, arthritis, the side effects of cancer chemotherapy, such as vomiting and nausea, asthma, anxiety, convulsions, AIDS and depression (Cohen, 1985). In glaucoma, it reduces the pressure in the eye, for instance, and it also causes a slight increase in appetite in people suffering from AIDS wasting or those undergoing chemotherapy (Medical Experts, 1997). Marijuana has been widely touted as a treatment for the drastic weight loss associated with AIDS (Levine, 1997). Cannabis sativa reduces the vomiting and nausea caused by chemotherapy, and alleviates pretreatment anxiety. It reduces the muscle pain and spasticity caused by the disease, but it may also help some patients with bladder control and the relieving of tremors (Facts ; Stats, 2001). There are a number of people who have severe men tal illnesses. When they feel like they are becoming mentally ill, they start self-medicating with cannabis to help them to relieve the symptoms of the illness they are having (Jamaica, 1997). In the study on rats, a research team from Complutense University and Autonoma University in Madrid found that marijuanas active ingredient, called THC, killed tumor cells in advanced cases of glioma, a quick-killing cancer for which there is currently no effective treatment. The team reports that the treatment works by stimulating the cancer cells to commit suicide in a natural process called apoptosis. The effect occurs in cancer cells but not in normal ones and, they say, could provide the basis for a new therapeutic approach for the treatment of malignant gliomas. (Rea, 2000)But anytime there is an upside, there is always a downside. The downside of smoking marijuana for its medicinal uses is that some people may overuse or exploit the drug, which in turn would make marijuana a hazardous d rug. Abuse of marijuana can result in medical problems such as an increased risk to the lungs and reproductive system, as well as the suppression of the immune system (Facts ; Stats, 2001). It may also affect hormones, heart rates, and possibly cause bronchitis and breathing problems. But if marijuana is used as a medical drug rather than a recreational drug, than none of these problems will occur. Despite some of the possible problems of using marijuana, it has proven to be a non-addictive drug in many cases. Cannabis sativa is not addictive, because when a person is addicted to a drug and stops taking it, there are clear-cut withdrawal symptoms (West, 1997). There is no scientific evidence that if you smoke cannabis it induces you to take heroine, cocaine or morphine. You find for example that the marijuana user rarely ever drinks alcohol, because alcohol causes unpleasant effects. It is not safe to combine marijuana with alcohol, because alcohol modifies the rate at which a drug or medicine is absorbed into your system, causing unwanted effects and it would make the compounds of the cannabis more easily assimilated (West, 1997). .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .postImageUrl , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:hover , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:visited , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:active { border:0!important; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:active , .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976 .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u36e673df4b270c7069a7ef8d30208976:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Cloning Essay IntroductionOver the past few years, there have been numerous states around the country that have been trying to pass laws that will legalize the medical use of marijuana. The medical use of cannabis was prohibited in 1971, but there has been growing pressure for that to be reversed. The medical marijuana movement began in earnest in 1996, when California passed a statewide referendum intended to make it legal. Alaska, Arizona, Hawaii, Maine, Oregon and Washington adopted similar laws, and Colorado and Nevada joined them in the November election. After smoldering for years, the debate over medical marijuana heated up in 1996 after the votes in California and Arizona. However, given the federal law against its use, the Clinton administration warned the doctors prescribing the drug would be punished. Last year, the U.S. 9th Circuit Court of Appeals disagreed in part. It said that the law must make an exception for seriously ill individuals who need cannabis for medical purposes. Its opinion referred to this as a medical necessity exemption to the federal drug laws. Even though there have been many moves to legalize the medical uses for marijuana, it has not yet been federally legalized. Besides actually smoking marijuana itself, there are many people and many companies out there today that are working extremely hard to find an alternative to smoking cannabis. Marijuanas active ingredient, a compound called delta-9 tetrahydrocannibinols (THC), exists in pill form. But proponents of the drug say its more effect when smoked, because that way the patients can control the dosage. Among the companies searching for better ways to harness marijuana are Unimed Pharmaceuticals of Deerfield, Illinois. The company is working on a THC (tetrahydrocannabinols) aerosol spray, intended to offer a quick, easily controllable wallop of marijuana smoking (Jamaica, 1997). In conclusion, marijuana, when allowed, is used to treat such diseases as AIDS, glaucoma, multiple sclerosis and many more. Although some minor downsides of its use exist, its medicinal purposes are much more vital and important. Marijuanas medicinal uses have been proven over and over to be more effective than any legal drug. Therefore, cannabis sativa should be a legal drug, but limited to only severe medical cases. Cohen, M. (1985). Marijuana: its effects on the mind ; body. New York: Chelsea House Publishers. Facts ; Stats. (1997). Online. Cable News Network (CNN), Inc. Available: http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9702/weed.wars/facts 2001, February 14. Gray, C. (2000, December 11). Breakthrough as scientists find way to make cannabis soluble. The Independent. Pp. 1. Jamaica: Two professors say many negative beliefs about marijuana not proven. (2001, Jan. 16). BBC Monitoring Americas, pp. 1Levine, K. (1997). Experts urge new study of medical uses of marijuana. Online. Available: http://www.cnn.com/HEALTH/9702/20/nfm/ 2001, February 14. Rea, D. (2000, February 28). High maker in marijuana could fight brain cancer. United Press International. Pp. 1.